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(hH  Z 6Times New Roman RegularLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5%.-&OLE 2.0 Box <=8C HKKKK(   Z 6Times New Roman Regular E *"  _   PeterD.HartResearchAssociatesconductedanationaltelephonesurveyamong318  chiefsofpolice(or,inlessthanoneinfourcases,theirdesignatedspokespersonwithinthepolicedepartment).Thesamplewasstratifiedandweightedbythesizeofthepopulationservedbyeachpolicedepartment,sothatitrepresentsacrosssectionofpolicedepartmentsaccordingtopopulation.Theinterviewswereconductedovera10dayperiodfromtheendofFebruarythroughthefirstweekofMarch1996. ,  AZ"Arial Regular W I'  _PoliceFoundation\\<(#DrugStrategies. X AR') xdECxA D    `     h      (  _AR')>xdE>xA4(#PoliceChiefsSpeakOut. X   www.policefoundation.org(O$(3$ !  &p Pd d*%56C<< CG'(3$ !  %.-&OLE 2.0 Box <=8C HKKKKRRRR'dxd'dxd( $ Figure  1  %.,A<< C3+0 d d d%.- I&mage <=8C HKKKKwww.drugstrategies.org(hH  Z 6Times New Roman RegularV& 8Document[8]Document Style0..8` ..` ($$   1  ' dxd%y  <<= 8CV8Document[4]Document Style.. . 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L.o> A`NSwiss Roman 09ptHP Roman 8 FW, PortTable_A(   Z 6Times New Roman Regular !  _XH   +XX333#X6X+V#@XX6#X6X@# X6XX6 x X6DrugsandCrimeAcross D  America:PoliceChiefsSpeakOutK,O'# X6X x,#  ,O,O~J  #X6X X6 #,O MMA') dE [A  D  XX6MM  MM.ANationalSurveyAmongChiefsofPolice N ConductedforPOLICEFOUNDATION#X6X # XX6 $N" and#X6X # XX6DRUGSTRATEGIES &N$  by (J& PeterD.HartResearchAssociates  *J(   1996r#  ?##X6X `#  ,F*" H  !MA XX6* *  Thissurveywasmadepossiblebyagrantfrom  theMiriamandPeterHaasFund.#X6X MA# !XX6#X6X #X6  PoliceFoundation#X6X#  S L   MA XX6  Throughresearch,technicalassistance,anddisseminationofinformation,the    PoliceFoundation workstoimproveAmericanpolicingandenhancethecapacityof   thecriminaljusticesystemtofunctioneffectively.Motivatingallofthefoundationseffortsisthegoalofefficient,humanepolicingthatoperateswithintheframeworkofdemocraticprinciplesandthehighestidealsofthenation.#X6X MAr#R&[QXX6   #X6XQR&[| #  !X6#X6X  #X6= DrugStrategies= #X6X # !X6   #X6X!  #MA XX6  Themissionof DrugStrategies istopromotemoreeffectiveapproachestothe  nations'sdrugproblems,andtosupportprivateandpublicinitiativesthatreducethedemandfordrugsthroughprevention,education,treatment,lawenforcement,andcommunitycoalitions.#X6X MA2 # !XX6 C< #X6X!  #AR') xdEz)xA {)t$"  PoliceFoundation` <(#DrugStrategies   )$# 1201ConnecticutAvenue,NWtt8(#1575EyeStreet,NW v*o%$ Washington,D.C.20036444(#Washington,D.C.20005 b+[&% Phone:(202)83314606(#Phone:(202)2899070 N,G'& Fax:(202)65991490 0 (# (#0h(#(#0h(#h(#0(#(#0p(#(#0p(#p(#0 (#(#Fax:(202)4146199:-3(' (# (# Email:pfinfo@policefoundation.org3(#Email:dspolicy@aol.com &.)( 4# $O  5  www.policefoundation.org65$OI  7 w0  0h(#(#0h(#h(#0(#(#0p(#(#0p(#p(#42 $O  5  www.drugstrategies.org6k$O  7 $#/ *)(#(# H"86XXdXXd8  L X6Foreword#X6X# 4  Ӏ  WhatdoAmericaslawenforcementleadershavetotellusaboutour warondrugs?33L  InscoresofcitiesacrossAmerica,policeresourcesarestrainedtothebreakingpointbythebattleagainstthedrugepidemic.AccordingtotheU.S.DepartmentofJustice,threeinfourpeoplearrestedtestpositiveforillegaldrugs,regardlessofthecrimeforwhichtheyarearrested.ThePoliceFoundationandDrugStrategiescommissionedPeterD.HartResearchAssociatestosurveytheexperienceofmorethan300chiefsofpoliceacrossthenationwhoareonthe frontlinesindealingwithdrugabuseanddrugcrime.  DrugsandCrimeAcrossAmerica:PoliceChiefsSpeakOutfindsthemajorityofpolicechiefs   intheUnitedStatesregarddrugabuseasamajorproblem:fiftyeightpercentofmorethan300policechiefsinterviewedregarddrugabuseasa seriousproblemintheircommunities,aheadofdomesticviolence,propertycrimesandviolentcrimes.Policechiefsalsoexpressedanurgentneedforamorebalancedapproachtosolvingtheseproblemsincludingprevention,education,andtreatmentaswellasinterdiction,enforcement,andpunishment.  Amajorityofthechiefsbelievetheproblemisgreaterthanitwasfiveyearsago,echoingsentimentsexpressedbythepublicatlargeinaHartAssociatessurveyconductedlastyear.ResultsofPoliceChiefsSpeakOutconfirmthatlawenforcementalonecannotsolvethisproblemandthat  anyeffectivestrategymustinvolvethecommunityanditsfullrangeofinstitutions.  ThePoliceFoundationandDrugStrategiesappreciatethecandorandarticulationofallthechiefsofpolicewhoparticipatedinthissurvey.Theirobservationsareessentialtotheformulationofmoreeffectivedrugpolicies.f33  HubertWilliams   h      p   MatheaFalco K)S$    President    h      p   President *'%!   PoliceFoundation   h      p   DrugStrategies *%" 33fLMXX6   ,'$ Ї#X6XMLȧ#LMXX6@NN DrugsandCrimeAcrossAmerica:  @ PoliceChiefsSpeakOutB#X6XoL # x(@@0,lx < ` E# <tt[ Zx߈    (#(#        (#(#(X(#(#(   ff33ffX6TheMagnitudeofthe   Problem#X6X#X6 KD  #X6Xj #ff ffThenation'schiefsofpoliceandthe   Americanpublicagree:drugabuseisahuge  problemthatisgrowingworse. Fiftyeight [T percentofpolicechiefssaythatdrugabuseisaveryseriousorquiteseriousproblemintheircommunities,andinanationalsurveyayearago,52%ofAmericanssaidthesamething.Indeed,chiefsofpoliceregarddrugabuseasthemostseriousproblemintheircommunities"moreseriousthandomesticviolence,burglaryandtheft,orviolentcrime.*#ThefiguresareevenmoredramaticinAmerica'slargecities:82%ofpolicechiefsinlargecities(withpopulationsgreaterthan100,000)saydrugabuseisanextremely(45%)orquiteserious(37%)problemintheircommunities.Policechiefsinmediumsized ,'. communities(25,000to100,000residents)andthoseinsmalltowns(fewerthan25,000residents)rankdrugabuserightbehinddomesticviolenceasthemostseriousproblemtheyface;oneintwooftheselawenforcementofficersconsiderdrugabuseanextremelyorquiteseriousproblem.  X^XXX6 70: #X6XX X^%#3X6XXX6  3:X3X6SeriousnessofProblemsinYourCommunityD&#3X6X3:%&##X6XX3X6%#  -&> &ffThenation'spolicechiefsalsobelieve z s@ thatdrugabusedrivesupcrimeintheircommunities.Oneintwopolicechiefsregardtheftandburglarybydrugusersasanextremelyorquiteseriousproblemintheircommunity;morethanoneinthreesaythesamethingaboutviolentcrimeassociatedwithdrugtrafficking;andmorethanoneinfourconcurwhenitcomestodomesticviolenceinvolvingdruguse.Inlargecities,amajorityofpolicechiefsregardgangactivityassociated ^-W(J withdrugtraffickingasanotherseriousproblemfortheircommunities.ffffm)Nomatterwhatsizecommunitytheyserve,twothirdsofpolicechiefsbelievethatdrugabusehasbeengrowinginsteadofshrinkingoverthepastfiveyears.Inthesurveyayearago,twothirdsofAmericansexpressedthesameopinion.ff X6  TheNeedforaNewParadigm#X6X*#    **ffAmerica'schiefsofpolicebelieveitis   timeforanewapproachtothedrugproblem. ,4 Fully60%ofpolicechiefsbelievethatpoliceandotherlawenforcementagencieshavebeen  unsuccessfulinreducingthedrugproblemin   theUnitedStates.Thisistrueforchiefsofpoliceinallregionsofthecountry,fromsmalltowndepartmentstolargecityforces.   X6XXX6:XX6ffSuccessofLawEnforcement |  EffortsAgainstDrugs#X6X:Y-##X6XXX6:-# - ! .-ffx-Asaresult,anoverwhelmingproportion(85%)ofallpolicechiefscallformajorchangesinthewaywedealwiththedrugproblem,includingnearlyhalfwhosaya"fundamentaloverhaul"isneeded.Yet,chiefsofpoliceareemphaticthatamajoroverhaulintheapproachtothedrugproblem -ffoughtnottoincludedecriminalizationof $-,(  drugs;90%believethatwouldbeastepinthewrongdirection.ff/ff :XX6BestWaytoDealwiththeDrug  && Problem#X6X:q0# ^0  ( ffL0t.ffFromtheiruniqueperspectiveonthe  * frontlinesofthewaragainstdrugs,the  , ff21nation'schiefsofpolicewidelyrejecttheeasy fn . answersarticulatedinthepublicdebateaboutdrugsandcrime.Specifically,theyregardpunishmentaloneasaninadequatewaytodealwiththeproblem.ffffff ff2ffAmerica'spolicechiefsfavorproactive fn4 strategiesoverreactiveapproachestotheproblemofdrugs.Nearlyallbelieveitiscrucialtogetaheadoftheproblem.Theyfavorreducingdemandfordrugsthrougheducationandreducingthesupplyofdrugsthroughinterdiction,insteadofdealingwiththeproblemreactivelythroughpunishmentandtreatment. Closetohalf(47%)ofallchiefs v!~D believethemosteffectiveapproachtoff)3controllingthedrugproblemintheUnited @$HH Statesiseducation,whilemorethanoneinfour(28%)believethemosteffectivestrategyisinterdiction.Whenaskedtochoosebetweenthetwoalternatives,amajorityofpolicechiefsinlargeandmediumsizedcommunitiesbelieveitwouldbeastepinthewrongdirectiontoshiftfederalfundingfrompreventionand F-N(O treatmentprogramstoborderpatrolsandinterceptingdrugsbeforetheyreachtheUnitedStates.Fewpolicechiefsbelievetheproblemcanbestbecontrolledbyfocusingonapproachesthatdealwiththeproblemafterthefact:only15%favorpunishment,andonly5%favortreatmentasthebestapproach.   MA XX6MA  MA#X6X MA8#:XX6ffHowPoliceChiefsViewthe   DrugProblem8#X6X:u8##X6XXX628#    8ff8= ffff= 9Policechiefsinlargeandmediumsized pi communitiesaremorelikelytoviewdruguseasapublichealthproblembetterhandledbypreventionandtreatmentprogramsthanasacrimeproblembetterhandledbythecriminaljusticesystem.ThisisalsotruefortheAmericanpublic(53%).Yetmorethanoneinthreepolicechiefsvolunteerthattheproblemistoocomplextobeaddressaseitherapublic  healthoracriminaljusticeproblem.Instead   theysaybothapproachesareessentialtoaddresstheproblemsuccessfully.Similarly,while21%ofpolicechiefsbelieveagreaterlawenforcementeffortisrequiredtodealwiththedrugproblemintheircommunities,nearlyhalf(47%)believemoreassistanceisneededintheformofeducation,prevention,andtreatment.Inaddition,threeintenseethetwoapproachesasequallyessential.ffffT=ffPolicedepartmentsthroughoutthe ,'& countryaretryingawiderangeofprogramstodealwiththedrugproblem.Morethan90%ofpolicechiefsreportparticipationbytheirdepartmentindrugeducationprogramsintheschools;over80%employstreetlevel"buybust"effortsandneighborhoodwatchandcommunitypolicingprograms;andover70%engageindirectedpatrolactivitiesandstreetsweeps.Exceptinsmalltowns,amajorityalsousecivilcodeviolationstoshutdowncrackhousesandhaveestablishedintheirdepartmentanorganizedcrimeunitwithdrugenforcementresponsibilities.ff}=   X6XXX6:XX6ffMostEffectiveMeansof c\B ReducingCrimeinCommunities|@#X6X:K@##X6XXX6,@#  C  @ffj@Althoughpolicechiefsgenerallyfeelthatlawenforcementeffortshavebeenunsuccessfulindealingwiththedrugproblem,almostonethirdviewschoolpreventionprogramsastheirmostsuccessfuleffort.ff X6  TheChallengein #K America'sLargeCitiesB #X6XWB# e$^L vBffLargecitychiefsofpolice,whodeal &!N withthemostseveredrugproblems,aremost '"O likelytolooktoeducationandtreatmentprogramsoverlawenforcementandinterdiction.Amajorityofpolicechiefsthroughoutthecountryregarddrugabuseasa #-(S majorproblemintheircommunities,butitislargecitychiefswhoaremostpreparedtolookbeyondtougherlawenforcementforsolutionstotheproblem.AmajorityofAmericansandsmalltownpolicechiefsfavoranapproachthatemphasizesprosecutionofdrugdealersandusers,strictersentencingfordrugdealers,andstoppingdrugsbeforetheyarebroughtintothecountry.However,inAmerica'slargeandmediumsizedcities,a48%pluralityofpolicechiefsemphasizetheneedtoaddresstheunderlyingcausesbyimprovingdrugeducation,prevention,andtreatmentprogramsforthosewhoneedthem. :XX6ffEmphasisinDealingwithDrug NV RelatedCrimeG#X6X:F#  z ff G= ffff= GGffIndescribingthemostseriouslimitationsontheirabilitytodealsuccessfullywiththedrugproblem,chiefsofpoliceinmediumsizedandsmallcommunitiessaytheirgreatestneedismoreresourcesforlawenforcement.Largecitypolicechiefs,ontheotherhand,arecallingformoreplacesintreatmentprograms.ffGӹ  X6XXX6 :XX6ffLimitationsinDealingwithDrugProblemsI#X6X:ݙI##X6XXX6wI#  (#& kIffIffIndeed,amajorityoflargecitypolicechiefssaythattreatmentprogramsfordrugoffenders i,q'* aredifficulttofindintheircommunities,whereastwothirdsofpolicechiefsinlesspopulatedareassaythattreatmentprogramsarereadilyorfairlyavailable.Moreover,twothirdsoflargecitychiefsofpolicebelieveitwouldbeastepinthewrongdirectiontoshiftfederalfundingfordrugpreventionandtreatmentprogramstolawenforcementandprisonconstruction.ffJffffL X6ff  PoliceChiefsSpeakTo V^ = America#X6XL#  > "MMffMFinally,webelieveitisimportantsimply  @ tolistentothevoicesofAmerica'schiefsof LTA policeandheartheirviewsaboutthedrugproblemintheUnitedStates.Thefollowingquotationsdemonstratetheextenttowhichchiefsofpolicebelievedrugsareamajorthreattotheircommunities,buttheexcerptsalsoshowthatnotallpolicechiefsagreeontherightapproachtotheproblem.Theonepointofnearunanimityisthebeliefthatitwilltakeabalancedcombinationofdifferentstrategiestoreducethehavoccreatedbydrugabuse.ff f&n!M *     Wakeup!Wehaveabiggerproblemwithdrugsthanpeoplerealize.  0 @ 0@` SmallSoutherntownPViolenceanddrugsgohandinhand.Ifit'snotstopped,itwillonlygetworse.It'salreadyoutofcontrol.  0 @  @` LargeSoutherncityQItistheunderlyingcauseofalmostallseriouscrimeintheUnitedStates.Drugsneedtobeaddressed;theyaretheproblem.  0 @  @` MediumsizedEasterncityxRIt'saveryseriousproblem.Itaffectsdrugusersandabusers,anditaffectsthechildrenandthelongrangegoalsandfutureoftheUnitedStates.  0 @  @` SmallMidwesterntown_SItistheworstplaguethiscountryhas.  0 @  @` LargeEasterncitySWehavetoquitlookingforsimpleanswerstocomplexproblems.  0 @ 0@` LargeSoutherncity[TOurcurrentdrugwarhasfailed!Weneedaradicalshiftinourattitude"leftorright,eitherwillwork.Thismiddlegroundiskillinguseconomicallyandmorally.  0 @ 0@` SmallSoutherntownWUWeneedabalancedapproach:enforcementanddemand,educationandtreatment.Enforcementshouldgotothesuppliers,nottheusers;usersneedtobeputintreatment.  0 @ 0@` LargeMidwesterncity ,'+ SVThisisnotapoliceproblem;onlytheendresultisapoliceproblem.Thecountry'ssolutionisnotlawenforcement.Weneededucation,training,andinterdiction.Aslongasthereareusers,therewillbeademand.Ifwecleanuptheusers,wewillkillthedemand.  0 @p 0@p(#p(#LargeSoutherncityWWeneedtostandbackandrethinkourapproach.Theapproachshouldnotbebasedfundamentallyonlockingpeopleup,butshouldbebasedonbringingthemupright.It'saboutmakingsurepeopleareraisedrightfromthebeginning.  0 @p 0@p(#p(#LargeSoutherncityYMoreemphasishastobeplacedontheearlystagesofprevention.Preventionstartswiththefamily,instillingvalueswithinthefamily.Peopleneedtobetaughtrightfromwrong,andweneedfamilymemberstolookafterthem.Preventionstartsinthehome.  0 @p 0@p(#p(#LargeMidwesterncity]ZWeneedacompleteoverhaulofoursocialenvironment.Whyarewerewardingpeopletodothewrongthing?0 x  Ix(#x(#    @p  @ LargeSoutherncityF[Thebestlawenforcementcandoisholdtheline.  0 @p 0@p(#p(#LargeSoutherncommunity[It'sallaboutsupplyanddemand,andithastobecutoffatthedemandpoint.  0 @p 0@p(#p(#SmallSoutherncommunity )$S        h\(X(  (X(#(#(Likeallbusiness,thedrugsituationisamatterofsupplyanddemand.Aslongaspartofsocietydemandsit,someentrepreneurwillsupplyit.Inacomprehensiveway,societymustreducethecausesofdrugabusethroughpreventionandtreatment,andlawenforcementmustfinishthejobbyaddressingthosewhostillengageinillicitdrugabuse.Majorviolatorsmustbepunishedseverelyasadeterrenttothelucrativetemptationoftraffickingtothosewhocontinuetopracticedrugabuse.  0 @ 0@` LargeMidwesterncity_Irecommendthatdruguseandpossessionremainacriminaloffense,butprisonersshouldhavemandatorytreatmentprograms.Treatmentwhileinjailisveryimportant,[because]eliminatingusersbytreatmentwillkillthesupplyanddemand.  0 @ 0@` LargeMidwesterncity`Ithinkthatputtingpeoplewithdrugproblemsinjailswithoutpropertreatmentforaspecifictimewillonlygetthembackoutinthestreets;thentheproblemisbackagain.0  0` SmallMidwesterntown ` `  Thedrugproblemisnotjustrelatedtooneentity,likelawenforcement.Itrequiresallofus.Ittakesanationtopulltogether,andittakesmoneyandresources.Weneedcitizensparticipatingwithus,notjustleavingittous.0  MediumsizedMidwesterncommunity   ,.|)- Lawenforcementneedsfinancialhelp.Wehavepatrolcarswithover200,000milesonthem.Wecanonlykeepourheadsafloat.Officersworkalotontheirowntimewithoutpay.IfIhadtooperateonthebudgettheygiveme,I'dhavetoclosedown.  0 @p 0@p(#p(#SmallSoutherntownkdWeneedafederaldrugstrategy.There'stoomanyagenciesworkingonthedrugproblembutnotworkingtogether.  0 @p 0@p(#p(#MediumsizedSoutherncity/eTheproblemisnotgoingaway.Federal,state,andlocalgovernmentmustgetinvolvedandcooperatetowageawarondrugs.  0 @p 0@p(#p(#MediumsizedEasterncityfWeneedtosendhomethemessagethatitisacommunityproblem.Lookatthecommunityandbuildaholisticapproachtocrimeprevention.Itisasocialissueandacrimeissue.Weneedtoarrestandprosecute,buthaveabetterapproachtohowitiscarriedon.  0 @p 0@p(#p(#SmallWesterncommunityfgThedrugproblemwillneverbesolveduntilthecommunitydecidestodoit.Wakeupandsaveourkids.  0 @p 0@p(#p(#LargeMidwesterncity$hIt'sallbeensaidbefore,andnooneapparentlylistens.  0 @p 0@p(#p(#SmallSoutherntownhff,PŒXX6XH  @  <  #X6XhŒi# !X6Ԉ  h+&U    (X( SurveyInstrumenti#X6X i#ŒX6   #X6XŒYj#ŒXX6iff (X( PETERD.HARTRESEARCHASSOCIATES,INC.     p Interviews::(#318respondents t 1724ConnecticutAvenue,NW   h      p ||:(#92largecities (i Washington,DC20009    h      p   4(#60mediumcommunities  (202)2345570 `     h      p   9(#166smalltowns @x       `     h      p Dates:.(#February27March7,1996 @  D  w(,?/+z h p @E htt Pw (#(#w(,?/+z h p @E htt Pw    ŒŒFINAL#ŒŒo#  |  Study#4553PoliceChiefsFebruary/March1996#X6XŒj# (#(#AR') xdExA    y"XX6Œ"yI'mcallingfromPeterHartResearchonbehalfofthePoliceFoundationandDrugStrategies.WerecentlyfaxedChief(NAMEOFPOLICECHIEF)aletterfromthePoliceFoundationrequestingabrieftelephoneinterview.CouldIpleasespeaktoChief(NAMEOFPOLICECHIEF)?1.  IfImayask,whatisyourpositioninthedepartment? ( * ddd Xdd Xdd X(#(#, dd ,dd",Pdd"+  (  (  @ AllPoliceChiefs 'g" ' ;1@ " d  ;ChiefPP1P.  >4 !  @S@77@S@>77 G=2""  @S@77 @S@ G ;1#" d  ;OtherPP1P.  >4 $  7@237@>23 G=2%"  7@23 7@ G ;1&" d  ;RefusedPP1P.\ \   ' Є '(" '-#!)" d   -2.0  Letmebeginwithafewissuesthatmayormaynotbefacingyourcommunity.Foreachone,pleasetellmehowmuch  , ofaproblemyoubelieveitisforyourcommunity"anextremelyseriousproblem,quiteserious,justsomewhatserious,ornotaproblem. (ROTATEORDEROFITEMSONEVERYOTHERINTERVIEW.) !(.(#(# * dd dd dd"Pdd"P(#(#, 66 ,66",66",p66",66",66",66"+  0& S#0 <0THISTABLEHASBEENRANKEDBYTHEPERCENTAGEWHOSAYEXTREMELYSERIOUSPROBLEM #1  B8 G$2" <   <B  ;%| 3 ExtremelySeriousProblem '&!6" 'QuiteSeriousProblem '&!9" 'JustSomewhatSeriousProblem 'W'"=" 'NotAProblem '%0!?" 'NotSure '%0!A" ' ?5;%| B" <  <?Drugabuse 'G(#C ' 'G(#D" ' 'G(#E" ' 'G(#F" ' 'G(#G" ' 'G(#H" ' ?5G(#I" < <?ЀAllpolicechiefs>>&>.  >4 7)x$J  7@237@>23 g]27)x$K"  7@23 7@  A@35A@g35 g]27)x$L"  A@35 A@  C@39C@g39 f\27)x$M"  C@39 C@  @3@f3 F<17)x$N"  @3 @ FЄ '7)x$O" ' ?57)x$P" < <?ЀLargecities>>&>. >4 '*h%Q  F@45F@>45 g]2'*h%R"  F@45 F@  B@37B@g37 g]2'*h%S"  B@37 B@  2@182@g18 G=2'*h%T"  2@18 2@ GЄ ''*h%U" 'Є ''*h%V" ' ?5'*h%W" < <?ЀMediumcommunities>>&>.. .  >4 +X&X  2@182@>18 g]2+X&Y"  2@18 2@  B@37B@g37 g]2+X&Z"  B@37 B@  E@43E@g43 f\2+X&["  E@43 E@  @2@f2 F<1+X&\"  @2 @ FЄ '+X&]" ' ?5+X&^" < <?ЀSmalltowns>>&>. >4 ,H'_  ,@14,@>14 g]2,H'`"  ,@14 ,@  @@33@@g33 g]2,H'a"  @@33 @@  H@48H@g48 f\2,H'b"  H@48 H@  @4@f4 e[1,H'c"  @4 @  ?1?e1 F<1,H'd"  ?1 ? F ?5,H'e" < <?ЀAmericanpublic(February1995)>>&>.- G=,8(f  ;@27;@G27 g]2,8(g"  ;@27 ;@  9@259@g25 g]2,8(h"  9@25 9@  ?@31?@g31 g]2,8(i"  ?@31 ?@  (@12(@g12 f\2,8(j"  (@12 (@  @5@f5 F<1,8(k"  @5 @ F ?5,8(l" < <? Domesticviolence 'X ' '<" ' '<" ' '<" ' '<" ' '< " ' ?5< " <  <?ЀAllpolicechiefs>>&>.  >4 H   ,@14,@>14 g]2H "  ,@14 ,@  D@41D@g41 g]2H "  D@41 D@  D@41D@g41 f\2H"  D@41 D@  @3@f3 e[1H"  @3 @  ?1?e1 F<1H"  ?1 ? F ?5H" < <?ЀLargecities>>&>. >4 8  1@171@>17 g]28"  1@17 1@  I@50I@g50 g]28"  I@50 I@  ?@31?@g31 G=28"  ?@31 ?@ GЄ F<8"  @2@F2 F<18"  @2 @ F ?58" < <?ЀMediumcommunities>>&>.. .  =3  (  @5@=5 f\1 ("  @5 @  J@52J@f52 g]2 ("  J@52 J@  E@43E@g43 G=2 ("  E@43 E@ GЄ ' (" 'Є ' (" ' ?5 (" < <?ЀSmalltowns>>&>. >4     .@15.@>15 g]2 !"  .@15 .@  A@34A@g34 g]2 ""  A@34 A@  F@45F@g45 f\2 #"  F@45 F@  @6@f6 F<1 $"  @6 @ FЄ ' %" ' ?5 &" < <?Propertycrimes,suchasburglaryandtheft 'l ( ' ' )" ' ' *" ' ' +" ' ' ," ' ' -" ' ?5 ." <  <?ЀAllpolicechiefs>>&>.  =3 \ /  "@9"@=9 f\1\ 0"  "@9 "@  >@30>@f30 g]2\ 1"  >@30 >@  K@55K@g55 f\2\ 2"  K@55 K@  @5@f5 e[1\ 3"  @5 @  ?1?e1 F<1\ 4"  ?1 ? F ?5\ 5" < <?ЀLargecities>>&>. >4 L 6  ,@14,@>14 g]2L 7"  ,@14 ,@  C@38C@g38 g]2L 8"  C@38 C@  G@46G@g46 f\2L 9"  G@46 G@  ?1?f1 e[1L :"  ?1 ?  ?1?e1 F<1L ;"  ?1 ? F ?5L <" < <?ЀMediumcommunities>>&>.. .  =3 < =  "@9"@=9 f\1< >"  "@9 "@  <@28<@f28 g]2< ?"  <@28 <@  N@60N@g60 f\2< @"  N@60 N@  @3@f3 F<1< A"  @3 @ FЄ '< B" ' ?5< C" < <?ЀSmalltowns>>&>. =3 ,| D  @7@=7 f\1,| E"  @7 @  <@28<@f28 g]2,| F"  <@28 <@  M@58M@g58 f\2,| G"  M@58 M@  @7@f7 F<1,| H"  @7 @ FЄ ',| I" ' ?5,| J" < <?ЀAmericanpublic(February1995)>>&>.- G=l K  0@160@G16 g]2l L"  0@16 0@  3@193@g19 g]2l M"  3@19 3@  B@37B@g37 g]2l N"  B@37 B@  :@26:@g26 f\2l O"  :@26 :@  @2@f2 F<1l P"  @2 @ F ?5l Q" < <?Violentcrimes,suchashomicideandassault 'S ' '` T" ' '` U" ' '` V" ' '` W" ' '` X" ' ?5` Y" <  <?ЀAllpolicechiefs>>&>.  =3 Z  "@9"@=9 f\1["  "@9 "@  ,@14,@f14 g]2\"  ,@14 ,@  E@43E@g43 g]2]"  E@43 E@  A@34A@g34 G=2^"  A@34 A@ GЄ '_" ' ?5`" < <?ЀLargecities>>&>. >4 a  ;@27;@>27 g]2b"  ;@27 ;@  @@33@@g33 g]2c"  @@33 @@  B@36B@g36 f\2d"  B@36 B@  @3@f3 e[1e"  @3 @  ?1?e1 F<1f"  ?1 ? F ?5g" < <?ЀMediumcommunities>>&>.. .  =3 h  @3@=3 f\1i"  @3 @  $@10$@f10 g]2j"  $@10 $@  M@59M@g59 g]2k"  M@59 M@  <@28<@g28 G=2l"  <@28 <@ GЄ 'm" ' ?5n" < <?ЀSmalltowns>>&>. =3 o  @2@=2 e[1p"  @2 @  @7@e7 f\1q"  @7 @  D@40D@f40 g]2r"  D@40 D@  I@51I@g51 G=2s"  I@51 I@ GЄ 't" '-#!u" <  -  3.0  Thinkingabouttheimpactofdrugsoncrimeinyourowncommunity,pleasetellmehowimportanteachofthefollowing w isintermsoflawenforcementbyyourdepartment"anextremelyseriousproblem,quiteserious,justsomewhatserious,ornotaproblem. (ROTATEORDEROFITEMSONEVERYOTHERINTERVIEW.) Xy(#(# *dd 66  66"66"p66"p66"66"66"(#(#,3 66 ,66",66",p66",66",66",66"+  0& z <0THISTABLEHASBEENRANKEDBYTHEPERCENTAGEWHOSAYEXTREMELYSERIOUSPROBLEM L{  B8 |" <   <B  } ExtremelySeriousProblem '`" 'QuiteSeriousProblem '`" 'JustSomewhatSeriousProblem '" 'NotAProblem '\" 'NotSure '\" ' ?5" <  <?Theftsandburglariesbydrugusers ' ' '" ' '" ' '" ' '" ' '" ' ?5" < <?ЀAllpolicechiefs'.  >4    3@193@>19 g]2 "  3@19 3@  ?@31?@g31 g]2 "  ?@31 ?@  E@42E@g42 f\2 "  E@42 E@   @8 @f8 F<1 "   @8  @ FЄ ' " ' ?5 " < <?ЀLargecities'. >4 !  A@34A@>34 g]2!"  A@34 A@  D@41D@g41 g]2!"  D@41 D@  8@248@g24 f\2!"  8@24 8@  ?1?f1 F<1!"  ?1 ? FЄ '!" ' ?5!" < <?ЀMediumcommunities'.O O  >4 "  .@15.@>15 g]2""  .@15 .@  B@37B@g37 g]2""  B@37 B@  H@48H@g48 G=2""  H@48 H@ GЄ '"" 'Є '"" ' ?5"" < <?ЀSmalltowns'.  >4 t#  *@13*@>13 g]2t#"  *@13 *@  7@237@g23 g]2t#"  7@23 7@  H@48H@g48 g]2t#"  H@48 H@  .@15.@g15 f\2t#"  .@15 .@  ?1?f1 F<1t#"  ?1 ? F ?5t#" < <?Violentcrimeassociatedwithdrugtrafficking '%h  ' 'd$" ' 'd$" ' 'd$" ' 'd$" ' 'd$" ' ?5d$" < <?ЀAllpolicechiefs'.  >4 &X!  *@13*@>13 g]2&X!"  *@13 *@  8@248@g24 g]2&X!"  8@24 8@  A@34A@g34 g]2&X!"  A@34 A@  =@29=@g29 G=2&X!"  =@29 =@ GЄ '&X!" ' ?5&X!" < <?ЀLargecities'. >4 &H"  ;@27;@>27 g]2&H""  ;@27 ;@  G@46G@g46 g]2&H""  G@46 G@  9@259@g25 f\2&H""  9@25 9@  @2@f2 F<1&H""  @2 @ FЄ '&H"" ' ?5&H"" < <?ЀMediumcommunities'.O O  >4 '8#  &@11&@>11 g]2'8#"  &@11 &@  6@226@g22 g]2'8#"  6@22 6@  A@35A@g35 g]2'8#"  A@35 A@  >@30>@g30 f\2'8#"  >@30 >@  @2@f2 F<1'8#"  @2 @ F ?5'8#" < <?ЀSmalltowns'.  =3 (($  @7@=7 f\1(($"  @7 @  ,@14,@f14 g]2(($"  ,@14 ,@  C@38C@g38 g]2(($"  C@38 C@  D@41D@g41 G=2(($"  D@41 D@ GЄ '(($" ' ?5(($" < <? Gangactivityassociatedwithdrugtrafficking '|*% ' ')%" ' ')%" ' ')%" ' ')%" ' ')%" ' ?5)%" < <?ЀAllpolicechiefs'.  =3 l+&   @8 @=8 f\1l+&"   @8  @  *@13*@f13 g]2l+&"  *@13 *@  ?@31?@g31 g]2l+&"  ?@31 ?@  H@48H@g48 G=2l+&"  H@48 H@ GЄ 'l+&" ' ?5l+&" < <?ЀLargecities'. >4 \,'  8@248@>24 g]2\,'"  8@24 8@  =@29=@g29 g]2\,'"  =@29 =@  C@38C@g38 f\2\,'"  C@38 C@  "@9"@f9 F<1\,'"  "@9 "@ FЄ '\,'" ' ?5\,'" < <?ЀMediumcommunities'.O O  =3 L-(  @7@=7 f\1L-("  @7 @  (@12(@f12 g]2L-("  (@12 (@  C@38C@g38 g]2L-("  C@38 C@  D@41D@g41 f\2L-("  D@41 D@  @2@f2 F<1L-("  @2 @ F ?5L-(" < <?ЀSmalltowns'.  =3 <.)  ?1?=1 e[1<.)"  ?1 ?  @5@e5 f\1<.)"  @5 @  9@259@f25 g]2<.)"  9@25 9@  @Q@69@Q@g69 G=2<.)"  @Q@69 @Q@ GЄ '<.)" ' ?5<.)" < <?*      Domesticviolenceinvolvingdruguse 'c ' '<" ' '<" ' '<" ' '<" ' '<" ' ?5< " < <?ЀAllpolicechiefs'.  =3 S   @7@=7 f\1S "  @7 @  4@204@f20 g]2S "  4@20 4@  I@50I@g50 g]2S "  I@50 I@  5@215@g21 f\2S"  5@21 5@  @2@f2 F<1S"  @2 @ F ?5S" < <?ЀLargecities'. =3 C  "@9"@=9 f\1C"  "@9 "@  9@259@f25 g]2C"  9@25 9@  J@52J@g52 f\2C"  J@52 J@  "@9"@f9 e[1C"  "@9 "@  @5@e5 F<1C"  @5 @ F ?5C" < <?ЀMediumcommunities'.O O  =3 3 t  @2@=2 f\13 t"  @2 @  .@15.@f15 g]23 t"  .@15 .@  K@55K@g55 g]23 t"  K@55 K@  7@237@g23 f\23 t"  7@23 7@  @5@f5 F<13 t"  @5 @ F ?53 t" < <?ЀSmalltowns'.  =3 # d   @8 @=8 f\1# d "   @8  @  3@193@f19 g]2# d!"  3@19 3@  G@47G@g47 g]2# d""  G@47 G@  :@26:@g26 G=2# d#"  :@26 :@ GЄ '# d$" ' ?5# d%" < <?Trafficaccidentsinvolvingdruguse ' ' ' ' T(" ' ' T)" ' ' T*" ' ' T+" ' ' T," ' ?5 T-" < <?ЀAllpolicechiefs'.  =3  .  @2@=2 e[1 /"  @2 @  "@9"@e9 f\1 0"  "@9 "@  H@48H@f48 g]2 1"  H@48 H@  C@39C@g39 f\2 2"  C@39 C@  @2@f2 F<1 3"  @2 @ F ?5 4" < <?ЀLargecities'.   5 Є F< 6"  @7@F7 f\1 7"  @7 @  P@66P@f66 g]2 8"  P@66 P@  7@237@g23 f\2 9"  7@23 7@  @4@f4 F<1 :"  @4 @ F ?5 ;" < <?ЀMediumcommunities'.O O    < Є G= ="  (@12(@G12 g]2 >"  (@12 (@  E@42E@g42 g]2 ?"  E@42 E@  E@43E@g43 f\2 @"  E@43 E@  @3@f3 F<1 A"  @3 @ F ?5 B" < <?ЀSmalltowns'.  =3  C  @3@=3 e[1 D"  @3 @  "@9"@e9 f\1 E"  "@9 "@  D@41D@f41 g]2 F"  D@41 D@  G@46G@g46 f\2 G"  G@46 G@  ?1?f1 F<1 H"  ?1 ? F-#! I" <  -4.0  Comparedtofiveyearsago,doyoufeelthatdrugabusetodayisamuchgreaterproblem,asomewhatgreaterproblem, W L aboutthesame,somewhatlessofaproblem,ormuchlessofaproblem? (#(# * dd3 66 3 66"66"p66"p66"66"66"(#(#, dd , dd",dd",^dd", dd",ttd",$dd"+  ," sO ,  sP  'sQ" ' 'sR" ' 'sS" ' 'sT" ' 'sU" ' ?5sV" %?  +lW AllPoliceChiefs 'Z" 'LargeCities ' \" 'Mediumcommunities '_" 'SmallTowns ,R a" ,AmericanPublic2/95 6,!d"R 6 ?5+le" % ?AmuchgreaterproblemRR R.f f $ >4 Gf  A@34A@>34 g]2Gg"  A@34 A@  A@35A@g35 g]2Gh"  A@35 A@  ;@27;@g27 g]2Gi"  ;@27 ;@  B@36B@g36 lR]2Gj"  B@36 B@  G@46G@l46 VLAGk"  G@46 G@R V ?5Gl" ?AsomewhatgreaterproblemRR R.~ ~ ( >4 <m  =@29=@>29 g]2<n"  =@29 =@  ?@31?@g31 g]2<o"  ?@31 ?@  <@28<@g28 g]2<p"  <@28 <@  <@28<@g28 lR]2<q"  <@28 <@  6@226@l22 VLA<r"  6@22 6@R V ?5<s" ?AboutthesameRR R.R R  >4 t  ?@31?@>31 g]2u"  ?@31 ?@  :@26:@g26 g]2v"  :@26 :@  C@38C@g38 g]2w"  C@38 C@  ?@31?@g31 lR]2x"  ?@31 ?@  9@259@l25 VLAy"  9@25 9@R V ?5z" ?SomewhatlessofaproblemRR R.R R ( F<c{  @5@F5 e[1c|"  @5 @  @7@e7 e[1c}"  @7 @  @5@e5 e[1c~"  @5 @  @4@e4 jR[1c"  @4 @  @5@j5 UK@c"  @5 @R U ?5c" ?MuchlessofaproblemRR R.6 6 $ 'X 'Є 'X" 'Є 'X" 'Є 'X" 'Є KR<X"  ?1?K1 UK@X"  ?1 ?R U ?5X" ?ЀNotsureRR R. F<   ?1?F1 e[1 "  ?1 ?  ?1?e1 e[1 "  ?1 ?  @2@e2 e[1 "  @2 @  ?1?e1 jR[1 "  ?1 ?  ?1?j1 UK@ "  ?1 ?R U-#! "  -5.0  Letmereadyousomereasonswhypolicesometimesfeellimitedintheirabilitytodealwithdrugsintheircommunities.  Pleasetellmewhichoneortwoyoufeelarethebiggestproblemsyoufaceinyourowncommunityindealingwiththe O drugproblem. (ROTATEORDEROFITEMSONEVERYOTHERINTERVIEW.) D(#(# * dd dd dd" dd"^dd"^ dd" ttd"t$dd"$(#(#,8<< ,|<<", << ,<< ,<< ,<< +  0&  $0THISTABLEHASBEENRANKEDBYTHEHIGHESTPERCENTAGE    B8 O!" $   I$B  +"l AllPoliceChiefs '#" 'LargeCities '" " 'Mediumcommunities '#" 'Smalltowns '" " ' 6,+"l $ I $6Limitedresourcesforlawenforcementinyourlocalcommunity2.  G >4 k$  K@55K@>55 ^T)k$  K@55 K@  B@36B@^36 g]2k$"  B@36 B@  I@50I@g50 g]2k$"  I@50 I@  P@66P@g66 G=2k$"  P@66 P@ G 6,k$ $ $6Notenoughplacesavailableintreatmentprogramsfordrugoffenders2.||N >4 C%   <@28<@>28 ^T)C%   <@28 <@  J@52J@^52 g]2C% "  J@52 J@  <@28<@g28 g]2C% "  <@28 <@  0@160@g16 G=2C% "  0@16 0@ G 6,C%  $ $6Notenoughresourcesforschoolbasedpreventionefforts2.||B >4 &\!  9@259@>25 ^T)&\!  9@25 9@  A@34A@^34 g]2&\!"  A@34 A@  <@28<@g28 g]2&\!"  <@28 <@  4@204@g20 G=2&\!"  4@20 4@ G 6,&\! $ $6Insufficienteffortstocutoffthesupplyofdrugs2.PP= >4 &4"  8@248@>24 ^T)&4"  8@24 8@  7@237@^23 g]2&4""  7@23 7@  B@37B@g37 g]2&4""  B@37 B@  4@204@g20 G=2&4""  4@20 4@ G 6,&4" $ $6Lowconvictionratesfordealers2. * >4 ' #  1@171@>17 ^T)' #  1@17 1@  *@13*@^13 f\2' #"  *@13 *@   @8 @f8 f\1' #"   @8  @  6@226@f22 G=2' #"  6@22 6@ G 6,' # $ $6Lowconvictionratesforusers2.  ( >4 (#  &@11&@>11 ]S)(#  &@11 &@  "@9"@]9 e[1(#"  "@9 "@  @5@e5 f\1(#"  @5 @  .@15.@f15 G=2(#"  .@15 .@ G 6,(# $ $6ЀNotsure/refused2.0 0  =3 {)$  @7@=7 \R({)$  @7 @   @8 @\8 e[1{)$"   @8  @   @8 @e8 e[1{)$"   @8  @  @5@e5 F<1{)$"  @5 @ F${)$ $  $  K,' 6.0  Howsuccessfuldoyoufeelthepoliceandotherlawenforcementagencieshavebeeninreducingthedrugprobleminthe  UnitedStates"verysuccessful,fairlysuccessful,fairlyunsuccessful,orveryunsuccessful?d(#(# * d d8<< 8|<<"| << << << << (#(#,, dd , dd", dd",dd", dd",dd"+  ,"  %,   AllPoliceChiefs '4" 'LargeCities ' " 'MediumCommunities '4 " 'SmallTowns '" ' ?5" % ?Verysuccessful!.  =3 8  @3@=3 e[18"  @3 @  @3@e3 e[18"  @3 @  @2@e2 e[18"  @2 @  @3@e3 F<18"  @3 @ F ?58" ?Fairlysuccessful!.* *  >4    A@34A@>34 g]2 "  A@34 A@  A@34A@g34 g]2 "  A@34 A@  @@33@@g33 g]2 "  @@33 @@  A@35A@g35 G=2 "  A@35 A@ G ?5 " ?Fairlyunsuccessful!. " >4 P   F@44F@>44 g]2P "  F@44 F@  F@45F@g45 g]2P "  F@45 F@  D@41D@g41 g]2P "  D@41 D@  F@45F@g45 G=2P  "  F@45 F@ G ?5P !" ?Veryunsuccessful!.  >4  T"  0@160@>16 g]2 T#"  0@16 0@  .@15.@g15 g]2 T$"  .@15 .@  6@226@g22 g]2 T%"  6@22 6@  .@15.@g15 G=2 T&"  .@15 .@ G ?5 T'" ?ЀNotsure!.  =3  (  @3@=3 e[1 )"  @3 @  @3@e3 e[1 *"  @3 @  @2@e2 e[1 +"  @2 @  @2@e2 F<1 ,"  @2 @ F-#! -"  -7.0  WhenyouthinkaboutthewaywedealwiththedrugproblemintheUnitedStates,whichcomesclosesttoyourownpoint  0 ofview"thatweneedtomakeafundamentaloverhaulinthewaywedealwiththedrugproblem,thatafewmajorchangesareneeded,thatsomeminorchangesareneeded,orthatweneedtomaintainthesameapproachnowbeingtaken? (#(# * dd, dd , dd"  dd" dd" dd" dd"(#(#,@ dd ,dd",dd",dd",dd",\dd"+  ,"  \ 5 %, ' \ 6 'AllPoliceChiefs 't9" 'LargeCities ';" 'MediumCommunities 't>" 'SmallTowns '@" ' ?5 \ A" % ?Fundamentaloverhaulll'l.H H " G=(xB  H@48H@G48 g]2(xC"  H@48 H@  B@37B@g37 g]2(xD"  B@37 B@  K@54K@g54 g]2(xE"  K@54 K@  J@52J@g52 G=2(xF"  J@52 J@ G ?5(xG" ?Afewmajorchangesll'l. ! G=,H  B@37B@G37 g]2,I"  B@37 B@  G@47G@g47 g]2,J"  G@47 G@  C@38C@g38 g]2,K"  C@38 C@  @@32@@g32 G=2,L"  @@32 @@ G ?5,M" ?Someminorchangesll'l.  G=N  &@11&@G11 g]2O"  &@11 &@  *@13*@g13 f\2P"  *@13 *@   @8 @f8 f\1Q"   @8  @  $@10$@f10 G=2R"  $@10 $@ G ?5S" ?Maintainsameapproachll'l. $ F<DT  @3@F3 e[1DU"  @3 @  @2@e2 F<1DV"  @2 @ FЄ F<DW"  @4@F4 F<1DX"  @4 @ F ?5DY" ?ЀNotsurell'l.L L  F<HZ  ?1?F1 e[1H["  ?1 ?  ?1?e1 F<1H\"  ?1 ? FЄ F<H]"  @2@F2 F<1H^"  @2 @ F-#!H_"  -8.0  Basedonwhatyouknow,howavailablearetreatmentprogramsfordrugoffendersinyourcommunity"readilyavailable, b fairlyavailable,fairlydifficulttofind,orverydifficulttofindinyourcommunity? (#(# * dd@ dd @ dd"dd"dd"dd"\dd"\(#(#, dd , dd", dd",dd", dd",ttd",$dd"+  ," 4e %,  4f AllPoliceChiefs 'Li" 'LargeCities 'k" 'MediumCommunities 'Ln" 'SmallTowns ,Rp" ,AmericanPublic2/95 6,!Ls"R 6 ?54t" % ?Readilyavailable.T T  >4 Pu  4@204@>20 g]2Pv"  4@20 4@  $@10$@g10 g]2Pw"  $@10 $@  ;@27;@g27 g]2Px"  ;@27 ;@  6@226@g22 lR]2Py"  6@22 6@  9@259@l25 VLAPz"  9@25 9@R V ?5P{" ?Fairlyavailable.  >4 |  E@42E@>42 g]2}"  E@42 E@  B@36B@g36 g]2~"  B@36 B@  F@45F@g45 g]2"  F@45 F@  E@43E@g43 lR]2"  E@43 E@  ?@31?@l31 VLA"  ?@31 ?@R V ?5" ?Fairlydifficulttofind.` ` % >4 h  :@26:@>26 g]2h"  :@26 :@  F@44F@g44 g]2h"  F@44 F@  4@204@g20 g]2h"  4@20 4@  4@204@g20 lR]2h"  4@20 4@  3@193@l19 VLAh"  3@19 3@R V ?5h" ?Verydifficulttofind. # >4  l  &@11&@>11 f\2 l"  &@11 &@   @8 @f8 e[1 l"   @8  @   @8 @e8 f\1 l"   @8  @  ,@14,@f14 lR]2 l"  ,@14 ,@  (@12(@l12 VLA l"  (@12 (@R V ?5 l" ?ЀNotsure. =3    ?1?=1 e[1 "  ?1 ?  @2@e2 F<1 "  @2 @ FЄ F< "  ?1?F1 kR\1 "  ?1 ?  *@13*@k13 VLA "  *@13 *@R V-#! "  -9a.0  Anddoyoufeelthatdruguseismoreofacrimeproblembetterhandledbythecriminaljusticesystem,ormoreofa # publichealthproblembetterhandledbypreventionandtreatmentprograms? (#(# * dd dd dd"  dd" dd" dd" ttd"t$dd"$(#(#,$ dd ,xdd",xdd", dd",dd",ttd",$dd"+  ," % ! %,  % ! AllPoliceChiefs '$'t"" 'LargeCities 'p&!" 'MediumCommunities '$'t"" 'SmallTowns ,Rp&!" ,AmericanPublic2/95 6,!$'t""R 6 ?5% !" % ?Criminaljusticesystem$.$ $ $ >4 '(#  C@38C@>38 g]2'(#"  C@38 C@  8@248@g24 g]2'(#"  8@24 8@  >@30>@g30 g]2'(#"  >@30 >@  H@48H@g48 lR]2'(#"  H@48 H@  A@34A@l34 VLA'(#"  A@34 A@R V ?5'(#" ?Preventionandtreatmentprograms$.. >4 (#  ;@27;@>27 g]2(#"  ;@27 ;@  A@34A@g34 g]2(#"  A@34 A@  B@37B@g37 g]2(#"  B@37 B@  4@204@g20 lR]2(#"  4@20 4@  J@53J@l53 VLA(#"  J@53 J@R V ?5(#" ?ЀBothequally(VOL)$. ! >4 @)$  A@34A@>34 g]2@)$"  A@34 A@  D@41D@g41 g]2@)$"  D@41 D@  @@33@@g33 g]2@)$"  @@33 @@  ?@31?@g31 LR=2@)$"  ?@31 ?@ LЄ 6,!@)$"R 6 ?5@)$" ?ЀNotsure$. =3 )D%  ?1?=1 e[1)D%"  ?1 ?  ?1?e1 F<1)D%"  ?1 ? FЄ F<)D%"  ?1?F1 kR\1)D%"  ?1 ?  *@13*@k13 VLA)D%"  *@13 *@R V-#!)D%"  -  ,`' 9b.0  Giventhecurrentapproachtohandlingthedrugproblem,doyouthinkthatagreaterlawenforcementeffortisrequired,  orthatmoreassistanceisneededintheformofeducation,prevention,andtreatment? (#(# * dd$ dd $ xdd"xxdd"x dd" dd"ttd"t$dd"$(#(#,dd , dd",dd", dd",dd",<dd"+  ,"  %,   AllPoliceChiefs 'C" 'LargeCities ' " 'MediumCommunities 'C " 'SmallTowns '" ' ?5" % ?Greaterlawenforcementeffort\\+\. ) >4 8  5@215@>21 g]28"  5@21 5@  $@10$@g10 g]28"  $@10 $@  (@12(@g12 g]28"  (@12 (@  >@30>@g30 G=28"  >@30 >@ G ?58" ?Moreassistanceineducation,prevention,andtreatment\\+\.B >4    G@47G@>47 g]2 "  G@47 G@  N@61N@g61 g]2 "  N@61 N@  J@52J@g52 g]2 "  J@52 J@  C@39C@g39 G=2 "  C@39 C@ G ?5 " ?ЀBothequally(VOL)\\+\.  >4 _   >@30>@>30 g]2_ "  >@30 >@  ;@27;@g27 g]2_ "  ;@27 ;@  @@33@@g33 g]2_ "  @@33 @@  >@30>@g30 G=2_  "  >@30 >@ G ?5_ !" ?ЀNotsure\\+\. =3  T"  @2@=2 e[1 T#"  @2 @  @2@e2 e[1 T$"  @2 @  @3@e3 e[1 T%"  @3 @  ?1?e1 F<1 T&"  ?1 ? F-#! T'"  -  10.0  Iwouldliketoreadyoutwostatementsaboutproposalstoreducedrugrelatedcrime.Pleasetellmewhichoneofthe  $ * statementscomesclosertoyourpointofview. (ROTATESTATEMENTSONEVERYOTHERINTERVIEW.)  +(#(# 0  StatementA: Indealingwithdrugrelatedcrime,weneedtoemphasizeprosecutingdrugdealersanddrugusers,stricter D - sentencingfordrugdealers,andstoppingdrugsbeforetheyarebroughtintotheU.S. (#(# 0  StatementB: Indealingwithdrugrelatedcrime,weneedtoaddresstheunderlyingcausesbyimprovingdrugeducation, #d 0 prevention,andtreatmentforeveryonewhoneedsit. (#(# * dddd  dd" dd" dd" dd"<dd"<(#(#,( dd ,dd",Hdd",Ddd",Hdd",td",xdd"+  ," 2 ,  3  '4" ' '5" ' '6" ' '7" ' '8" ' ?59" %?  G: AllPoliceChiefs '=" 'LargeCities '<?" 'MediumCommunities 'B" 'SmallTown ,R<D" ,AmericanPublic2/95 6,!<F"R 6 ?5GG" % ?StatementA/stricterapproach\\"\.+ >4 cH  E@43E@>43 g]2cI"  E@43 E@  6@226@g22 g]2cJ"  6@22 6@  @@32@@g32 g]2cK"  @@32 @@  L@57L@g57 lR]2cL"  L@57 L@  K@55K@l55 VLAcM"  K@55 K@R V ?5cN" ?StatementB/dealwiththecauses\\"\.. >4 XO  ?@31?@>31 g]2XP"  ?@31 ?@  H@48H@g48 g]2XQ"  H@48 H@  G@46G@g46 g]2XR"  G@46 G@  1@171@g17 lR]2XS"  1@17 1@  B@36B@l36 VLAXT"  B@36 B@R V ?5XU" ?ЀSomeofboth(VOL)\\"\.4 4 " >4  V  :@26:@>26 ^T) W  :@26 :@  =@29=@^29 ^T) X  =@29 =@  6@226@^22 ^T) Y  6@22 6@  9@259@^25 bRS) Z  9@25 9@   @8 @b8 UK@ ["   @8  @R U 6, \ 6ЀNeither(VOL)\\"\.   ] Є  ^ Є  _ Є =3 `  ?1?=1 aRR(a  ?1 ?  ?1?a1 UK@b"  ?1 ?R U 6,c 6ЀNotsure\\"\.T T   3td Є =3 3te  ?1?=1 =3(3tf  ?1 ? =Є  3tg Є #R 3th #Є 6,!3ti"R 6$3tj  $11a.0  Whichoneofthefollowingstrategiesdoyoufeelwouldbethemosteffectiveapproachtocontrollingthedrugproblem Dm intheUnitedStates"education,interdiction,treatment,orpunishment? (#(# * dd( dd ( dd"Hdd"HDdd"DHdd"Htd"xdd"x(#(#,<< ,xL<",t<<",<<",<<",L<",$L<", <<",<<",t<<",L<"+  0& `p 0 0THISTABLEHASBEENRANKEDBYTHEMOSTEFFECTIVEAPPROACH Oq  B8 Hr" 0    @B 'RR @s 'Q.11a @t MostEffectiveApproach >R/$ u"RR > ?RR0!@v"R ?Q.11b @w SecondMostEffectiveApproach >R/$ x"RR > ND,@y" @  R e@N !R !z !AllPoliceChiefs 9R,!#X}"R 9LargeCities 9R,!c""R 9MediumCommunities 9R,!#X"R 9SmallTowns 6,!c""R 6 *R!" *AllPoliceChiefs 9R,!#X"R 9LargeCities 9R,!c""R 9MediumCommunities 9R,!#X"R 9SmallTowns 6,!c""R 6 ?5!" @ e 0?Education  .PP >4 #<  G@47G@>47 g]2#<"  G@47 G@  N@60N@g60 g]2#<"  N@60 N@  J@52J@g52 g]2#<"  J@52 J@  C@38C@g38 G=2#<"  C@38 C@ G G=#<"  7@237@G23 g]2#<"  7@23 7@  1@171@g17 g]2#<"  1@17 1@  4@204@g20 g]2#<"  4@20 4@  <@28<@g28 G=2#<"  <@28 <@ G ?5#<" 0 0?Interdiction  . >4 $   <@28<@>28 g]2$ "  <@28 <@  0@160@g16 g]2$ "  0@16 0@  <@28<@g28 g]2$ "  <@28 <@  A@34A@g34 G=2$ "  A@34 A@ G G=$ "  <@28<@G28 g]2$ "  <@28 <@  B@37B@g37 g]2$ "  B@37 B@  6@226@g22 g]2$ "  6@22 6@  9@259@g25 G=2$ "  9@25 9@ G ?5$ " 0 0?Punishment  . >4 %!  .@15.@>15 g]2%!"  .@15 .@  $@10$@g10 f\2%!"  $@10 $@  @5@f5 f\1%!"  @5 @  4@204@f20 G=2%!"  4@20 4@ G G=%!"  7@237@G23 g]2%!"  7@23 7@  0@160@g16 g]2%!"  0@16 0@  <@28<@g28 g]2%!"  <@28 <@  8@248@g24 G=2%!"  8@24 8@ G ?5%!" 0 0?Treatment  .`` =3 &!  @5@=5 f\1&!"  @5 @  $@10$@f10 f\2&!"  $@10 $@  @5@f5 e[1&!"  @5 @  @4@e4 F<1&!"  @4 @ F G=&!"  4@204@G20 g]2&!"  4@20 4@  8@248@g24 g]2&!"  8@24 8@  2@182@g18 g]2&!"  2@18 2@  3@193@g19 G=2&!"  3@19 3@ G ?5&!" 0 0?ЀNotsure  .DD =3 '"  @5@=5 e[1'""  @5 @  @4@e4 f\1'""  @4 @  $@10$@f10 f\2'""  $@10 $@  @4@f4 F<1'""  @4 @ F F<'""  @6@F6 e[1'""  @6 @  @6@e6 f\1'""  @6 @  (@12(@f12 f\2'""  (@12 (@  @4@f4 F<1'""  @4 @ F-#!'"" 0  -   (4$ 11b.0  WhichdoyoufeelwouldbethesecondmosteffectiveapproachtocontrollingthedrugproblemintheUnitedStates?h(#(# 12.0  Asyoumayknow,Congresshasconsideredchangesinlegislationthataffectsfederalprogramsdealingwithcrimeand 8 drugabuse.Letmereadyousomeofthemeasuresthatwillbeconsidered,andforeachone,pleasetellmewhetheryoufeelitwouldbeastepintherightdirectionorastepinthewrongdirection. (ROTATEORDERONEVERYOTHER P  INTERVIEW.)  X (#(# * d d<< xL<"xt<<"t<<"<<"L<"$L<"$ <<" <<"t<<"tL<"(#(#, ,",",","+  0&    x0THISTABLEHASBEENRANKEDBYTHEPERCENTAGEWHOSAYASTEPINTHERIGHTDIRECTION B8 4  " x   xB  d   AStepInTheRightDirection ' " 'AStepInTheWrongDirection ' " 'NotSure 'h " ' ?5d " x  x?Shiftingfederalfundingfordrugpreventionandtreatment H  programstolawenforcementandprisonconstruction '  ' 'H " ' 'H " ' 'H " ' ?5H " x  /x?ЀAllpolicechiefs1.  >4 (   L@57L@>57 g]2( "  L@57 L@  D@40D@g40 f\2( "  D@40 D@  @3@f3 F<1( "  @3 @ F ?5( " x / /x?ЀLargecities1.  >4 T!  =@29=@>29 g]2T""  =@29 =@  Q@68Q@g68 f\2T#"  Q@68 Q@  @3@f3 F<1T$"  @3 @ F ?5T%" x / /x?ЀMediumcommunities1. ! >4 0&  N@61N@>61 g]20'"  N@61 N@  B@37B@g37 f\20("  B@37 B@  @2@f2 F<10)"  @2 @ F ?50*" x / /x?ЀSmalltowns1.  >4 \+  @Q@69@Q@>69 g]2\,"  @Q@69 @Q@  ;@27;@g27 f\2\-"  ;@27 ;@  @4@f4 F<1\."  @4 @ F ?5\/" x / x?Shiftingfederalfundingfromdrugpreventionandtreatment 0 programstoborderpatrolsandinterceptingdrugsbeforetheyreachtheU.S. '@2 ' '3" ' '4" ' '5" ' ?56" x  /x?ЀAllpolicechiefs1.  >4 l7  K@55K@>55 g]2l8"  K@55 K@  C@39C@g39 f\2l9"  C@39 C@  @6@f6 F<1l:"  @6 @ F ?5l;" x / /x?ЀLargecities1.  >4 H<  @@32@@>32 g]2H="  @@32 @@  M@58M@g58 g]2H>"  M@58 M@  $@10$@g10 G=2H?"  $@10 $@ G ?5H@" x / /x?ЀMediumcommunities1. ! >4 tA  E@43E@>43 g]2tB"  E@43 E@  J@52J@g52 f\2tC"  J@52 J@  @5@f5 F<1tD"  @5 @ F ?5tE" x / /x?ЀSmalltowns1.  >4 F  Q@70Q@>70 g]2G"  Q@70 Q@  9@259@g25 f\2H"  9@25 9@  @5@f5 F<1I"  @5 @ F ?5J" x / x?ffkffCuttingbackonfederalfundingforcommunitydrugcourtsin K whichnonviolentdrugoffendersaregivenachoicebetweenprisonandsupervisedtreatment '4M ' 'N" ' 'O" ' 'P" ' ?5Q" x  /x?ЀAllpolicechiefs1.  >4 ` R  9@259@>25 g]2` S"  9@25 9@  @Q@69@Q@g69 f\2` T"  @Q@69 @Q@  @6@f6 F<1` U"  @6 @ F ?5` V" x / /x?ЀLargecities1.  >4 !W  7@237@>23 g]2!X"  7@23 7@  R@74R@g74 f\2!Y"  R@74 R@  @3@f3 F<1!Z"  @3 @ F ?5![" x / /x?ЀMediumcommunities1. ! >4 "\  4@204@>20 g]2"]"  4@20 4@  @R@73@R@g73 f\2"^"  @R@73 @R@  @7@f7 F<1"_"  @7 @ F ?5"`" x / /x?ЀSmalltowns1.  >4 #4a  <@28<@>28 g]2#4b"  <@28 <@  @P@65@P@g65 f\2#4c"  @P@65 @P@  @7@f7 F<1#4d"  @7 @ F ?5#4e" x / /x?ЀAmericanpublic(February1995)1.. G=%` f  F@45F@G45 g]2%` g"  F@45 F@  H@49H@g49 f\2%` h"  H@49 H@  @6@f6 F<1%` i"  @6 @ Fff8`Xff-#!%` j" x /  -13.0  Doyoufeelthatdecriminalizationofdrugswouldbeastepintherightdirection,orastepinthewrongdirection?0'"l(#(# * dd """"(#(#,Ldd ,$dd",dd ,`dd ,dd ,dd +  ," (#n %,  (#o AllPoliceChiefs '*P%r" 'Large (#s Cities 'L)$t" 'MediumCommunities '*P%w" 'SmallTowns 'L)$y" ' 6,(#z % 6Astepintherightdirection(. ( =3 *&{  @6@=6 \R(*&|  @6 @  ?1?\1 e[1*&}"  ?1 ?  @7@e7 e[1*&~"  @7 @   @8 @e8 F<1*&"   @8  @ F 6,*& 6Astepinthewrongdirection(.2 2 ( >4 h+&  V@90V@>90 ^T)h+&  V@90 V@  W@94W@^94 g]2h+&"  W@94 W@  V@88V@g88 g]2h+&"  V@88 V@  V@88V@g88 G=2h+&"  V@88 V@ G 6,h+& 6ЀNotsure(. =3 ,l'  @4@=4 \R(,l'  @4 @  @5@\5 e[1,l'"  @5 @  @5@e5 e[1,l'"  @5 @  @4@e4 F<1,l'"  @4 @ F$,l'  $  8.) 14.0  Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutdealingwithdrugusers,notdealers,comesclosesttoyourownpointofview? 'h  (STARTFROMTHEBOTTOMONEVERYOTHERINTERVIEW.) (#(# 0  StatementA:Donotprosecutedrugusers.C(#(# 0  StatementB:Requiredruguserstoentertreatmentprogramsthataresupervisedbythecourts.8(#(# 0  StatementC:Senddruguserstojailforsentencesoflessthantwoyears. (#(#   OR  _  0  StatementD:Imposemandatoryminimumprisonsentencesofmorethantwoyearsondrugusers. T (#(# * ddLdd L$dd"$dd `dd `dd dd (#(#,00 ,H00",$00",00",00",H@0",d00"+  ,"    $,   ,   ' , " ' ' , " ' ' ," ' ' ," ' ' ," ' ?5 ," $ I$?    AllPoliceChiefs '/p " 'LargeCities '{ " 'MediumCommunities '/p " 'SmallTowns ,R{ " ,AmericanPublic2/95 6,!{ "R 6 ?5 " $ I $?StatementA/donotprosecuteLL)L. & =3 H   ?1?=1 F<1H !"  ?1 ? FЄ 'H "" 'Є F<H #"  @2@F2 jR[1H $"  @2 @  @2@j2 UK@H %"  @2 @R U ?5H &" $ $?StatementB/treatmentprogramssupervisedbycourts$$(L.= >4  '  M@59M@>59 g]2 ("  M@59 M@  Q@68Q@g68 g]2 )"  Q@68 Q@  R@72R@g72 g]2 *"  R@72 R@  H@49H@g49 lR]2 +"  H@49 H@  I@50I@l50 VLA ,"  I@50 I@R V 6, - $ $6StatementC/jailsentencesoflessthantwoyearsLL)L.; >4  .  *@13*@>13 g]2 /"  *@13 *@  *@13*@g13 f\2 0"  *@13 *@  "@9"@f9 f\1 1"  "@9 "@  .@15.@f15 lR]2 2"  .@15 .@  (@12(@l12 VLA 3"  (@12 (@R V ?5 4" $ $?StatementD/mandatoryminimumprisonsentencesofmorethantwoyearsLL)L.`` >4 C 6  .@15.@>15 f\2 7"  .@15 .@  @4@f4 e[1 8"  @4 @   @8 @e8 f\1 9"   @8  @  7@237@f23 lR]2 :"  7@23 7@  ?@31?@l31 VLA ;"  ?@31 ?@R V 6, < $  $6ЀCombination(VOL)LL)L.   >4 \=  $@10$@>10 g]2\>"  $@10 $@  *@13*@g13 f\2\?"  *@13 *@   @8 @f8 f\1\@"   @8  @  $@10$@f10 kR\2\A"  $@10 $@  @2@k2 UK@\B"  @2 @R U 6,\C $ $6ЀNone(VOL)LL)L.@@ =3 4D  ?1?=1 e[14E"  ?1 ?  ?1?e1 e[14F"  ?1 ?  @3@e3 F<14G"  @3 @ FЄ KR<4H"  ?1?K1 UK@4I"  ?1 ?R U 6,4J $ $6ЀNotsureLL)L.DD =3  K  ?1?=1 \R( L  ?1 ?  ?1?\1 =3( M  ?1 ? =Є =3  N  ?1?=1 aRR( O  ?1 ?  @2@a2 LB7 P  @2 @R L$ Q $  $15.0  Fromyourperspective,howeffectivehavemandatoryminimumsentencesfordrugpossessionbeeninreducingdrug T traffickinginyourcommunity"veryeffective,fairlyeffective,onlysomewhateffective,ornotreallytheanswertotheprobleminyourcommunity? (#(# * d d00 H00"H$00"$00"00"H@0"Hd00"d(#(#,dd ,$dd",dd ,`dd , dd ,dd +  ," W %,  X AllPoliceChiefs '`[" 'LargeCities 'k]" 'MediumCommunities '``" 'SmallTowns 'kb" ' 6,c % 6Veryeffective(.pp =3 d  @7@=7 ]S(e  @7 @  $@10$@]10 f\2f"  $@10 $@  @7@f7 e[1g"  @7 @  @6@e6 F<1h"  @6 @ F 6,i 6Fairlyeffective(. >4 j  ,@14,@>14 ^T)k  ,@14 ,@  1@171@^17 f\2l"  1@17 1@   @8 @f8 f\1m"   @8  @  ,@14,@f14 G=2n"  ,@14 ,@ G 6,o 6Onlysomewhateffective(. ! >4 ;|p  @@33@@>33 ^T);|q  @@33 @@  ?@31?@^31 g]2;|r"  ?@31 ?@  B@37B@g37 g]2;|s"  B@37 B@  @@33@@g33 G=2;|t"  @@33 @@ G 6,;|u 6Notreallytheanswer(.0 0  >4 0v  D@40D@>40 ^T)0w  D@40 D@  B@36B@^36 g]20x"  B@36 B@  D@40D@g40 g]20y"  D@40 D@  E@42E@g42 G=20z"  E@42 E@ G 6,0{ 6ЀDon'thavemandatoryminimumsentencing(VOL)(.tt9 =3 |  @4@=4 \R(}  @4 @  @2@\2 e[1~"  @2 @  @5@e5 e[1"  @5 @  @4@e4 F<1"  @4 @ F 6, 6ЀNotsure(.ll =3 W  @2@=2 \R(W  @2 @  @4@\4 e[1W"  @4 @  @3@e3 e[1W"  @3 @  ?1?e1 F<1W"  ?1 ? F$W  $     16a.0  Letmereadyoualistofafewenforcementstrategiesandprogramsthatpolicedepartmentssometimeshave.Foreach h one,pleasetellmewhetheryourdepartmentoperatesorparticipatesinthistypeofprogram. (ACCEPTASMANY  ANSWERSASAPPLY.) (#(# * dddd $dd"$dd `dd ` dd dd (#(#,00 ,|00", 00 ,00 ,00 ,|00 +  ," < a<, '( x 'AllPoliceChiefs '  " 'LargeCities ' , " 'MediumCommunities ' " 'SmallTowns ' ," ' ?5( x < a <?Drugeducationprogramsinthepublicschools::1:.""7 G=   W@92W@G92 g]2 "  W@92 W@  @X@97@X@g97 g]2 "  @X@97 @X@  @W@93@W@g93 g]2 "  @W@93 @W@  V@90V@g90 G=2 "  V@90 V@ G ?5  < <?Streetlevel"buybust"efforts::1:.& & ) G=p   U@84U@G84 g]2p "  U@84 U@  X@99X@g99 g]2p "  X@99 X@  @W@93@W@g93 g]2p "  @W@93 @W@  @R@73@R@g73 G=2p "  @R@73 @R@ G ?5p  < <?Neighborhoodwatchandcommunitypolicingprogramsfocusedondrugs::1:.jjM G=`   U@84U@G84 g]2`  "  U@84 U@  V@91V@g91 g]2` !"  V@91 V@  W@95W@g95 g]2` ""  W@95 W@  @S@77@S@g77 G=2` #"  @S@77 @S@ G ?5` $ <  <?Directedpatrolactivitiesandstreetsweeps::1:.NN6 G=P %  R@72R@G72 g]2P &"  R@72 R@  V@91V@g91 g]2P '"  V@91 V@  T@82T@g82 g]2P ("  T@82 T@  M@59M@g59 G=2P )"  M@59 M@ G ?5P * < <?Organizedcrimeunitwithresponsibilitiesfordrugenforcement::1:.BBI G=@ +  J@52J@G52 g]2@ ,"  J@52 J@  U@84U@g84 g]2@ -"  U@84 U@  @P@65@P@g65 g]2@ ."  @P@65 @P@  @@33@@g33 G=2@ /"  @@33 @@ G ?5@ 0 < <?Civilcodeenforcement::1:.  G=0 1  J@53J@G53 g]20 2"  J@53 J@  T@80T@g80 g]20 3"  T@80 T@  L@57L@g57 g]20 4"  L@57 L@  C@39C@g39 G=20 5"  C@39 C@ G ?50 6 < <?ЀNotsure/refused::1:.N N  F< p 7  ?1?F1 F<1 p 8"  ?1 ? FЄ ' p 9" 'Є F< p :"  ?1?F1 F<1 p ;"  ?1 ? F-#! p < <  -16b.0  Ofjustthoseprogramsthatyourdepartmentoperatesorparticipatesin,whichisthesinglemosteffectiveoneinreducing <> drugcrimeinyourcommunity? (#(# * dd00 |00"| 00 00 00 |00 |(#(#,00 ,x00",t00",00", 00",00"+  0& XA <0THISTABLEHASBEENRANKEDBYTHEHIGHESTPERCENTAGE B  B8 LC" <   a<B '@D 'AllPoliceChiefs 'G" 'LargeCities 'DI" 'MediumCommunities 'L" 'SmallTowns 'DN" ' ?5@O" < a <?Drugeducationprogramsinthepublicschools1.7 G=P  ?@31?@G31 g]2Q"  ?@31 ?@  *@13*@g13 g]2R"  *@13 *@  A@35A@g35 g]2S"  A@35 A@  C@38C@g38 G=2T"  C@38 C@ G ?5U" < <?Streetlevel"buybust"efforts1. ) G=V  1@171@G17 g]2W"  1@17 1@  *@13*@g13 f\2X"  *@13 *@  @7@f7 f\1Y"  @7 @  7@237@f23 G=2Z"  7@23 7@ G ?5[" < <?Neighborhoodwatchandcommunitypolicingprogramsfocusedondrugs1.@@M G=x\  *@13*@G13 g]2x]"  *@13 *@  0@160@g16 g]2x^"  0@16 0@  .@15.@g15 g]2x_"  .@15 .@  $@10$@g10 G=2x`"  $@10 $@ G ?5xa" <  <?Directedpatrolactivitiesandstreetsweeps1.$$6 G=hb  *@13*@G13 g]2hc"  *@13 *@  1@171@g17 g]2hd"  1@17 1@  $@10$@g10 g]2he"  $@10 $@  *@13*@g13 G=2hf"  *@13 *@ G ?5hg" < <?Organizedcrimeunitwithresponsibilitiesfordrugenforcement1.I G=Xh  &@11&@G11 g]2Xi"  &@11 &@  ,@14,@g14 g]2Xj"  ,@14 ,@  1@171@g17 f\2Xk"  1@17 1@   @8 @f8 F<1Xl"   @8  @ F ?5Xm" < <?Civilcodeenforcement1.h h  F<Hn  @2@F2 e[1Ho"  @2 @  @3@e3 e[1Hp"  @3 @  @3@e3 e[1Hq"  @3 @  ?1?e1 F<1Hr"  ?1 ? F ?5Hs" < <?ЀNotsure/refused1.$ $  G=8t  *@13*@G13 g]28u"  *@13 *@  8@248@g24 g]28v"  8@24 8@  *@13*@g13 f\28w"  *@13 *@  @7@f7 F<18x"  @7 @ F-#!8y" <  -   z 17.0  Finally,supposethatyouhadtheopportunitytotalktoAmericansaboutthedrugproblem.Whatwouldyoutellthe ;h publicandpolicymakersaboutthedrugproblemthattheyneedtoknow?Whatmessagewouldyousendtothem?(#(# * d d00 x00"xt00"t00" 00" 00"(#(#,x +  1 W Sl1SELECTEDQUOTATIONSINCLUDEDINREPORT.<20" l0 S  < FACTUALS:Thefollowingquestionsareforstatisticalpurposesonly.  @  1.0  Whatisyourage?{  (#(# *_ ddx x(#(#_,ldd ,|dd",:dd +  ,"    ,1820,.%     Є      ?5  " ?2124,.%    Є     6,  62529,.% =3 Kx   ?1?=1 =3(Kx   ?1 ? = 6,Kx  63034,.% =3 ,   @3@=3 =3(,   @3 @ = 6,,  63539,.% =3    "@9"@=9 =3(   "@9 "@ = 6,  64044,.% >4 g   5@215@>21 >4)g   5@21 5@ > 6,g  64549,.% >4 H   ;@27;@>27 >4)H   ;@27 ;@ > 6,H ! 65054,.% >4  "  5@215@>21 >4) #  5@21 5@ > ?5 $" ?5559,.% >4 %  *@13*@>13 >4)&  *@13 *@ > 6,' 66064,.% =3 7d(  @4@=4 =3(7d)  @4 @ = 6,7d* 66569,.% =3 +  ?1?=1 =3(,  ?1 ? = 6,- 670andover,.  +  . Є  /  6,0 6Refused,.//'  S1 Є  S2 $S3 $2a.0  Howlonghaveyoubeeninyourcurrentposition?o5(#(# * d dldd l|dd"|:dd :(#(#,ddd ,|dd",$dd"+  ," 7 ,Twoyearsorless,.vv- >4 8  A@35A@>35 >4)9  A@35 A@ > 6,: 63to4years,.( >4 ;  3@193@>19 >4)<  3@19 3@ > 6,= 65to7years,.( >4 ?l>  2@182@>18 >4)?l?  2@18 2@ > 6,?l@ 68to10years,.ZZ) >4  A  $@10$@>10 >4) B  $@10 $@ > 6, C 611to15years,.* >4 D  $@10$@>10 >4)E  $@10 $@ > 6,F 616to20years,.* =3 [G  @6@=6 =3([H  @6 @ = 6,[I 6Morethan20years,.. =3 <J  @2@=2 =3(<K  @2 @ = 6,<L 6ЀRefused/Notsure,..  M Є  N $O  $!2b.0  Andhowlonghaveyoubeeninlawenforcement? Q(#(# * ddddd d|dd"|$dd"$(#(#, dd ,|dd",$dd"+  ," G!tS ,Twoyearsorless/.PP*  G!tT Є  G!tU  6,G!tV 63to4years/.% =3 !(W  ?1?=1 =3(!(X  ?1 ? = 6,!(Y 65to7years/.% =3 "Z  @2@=2 =3("[  @2 @ = 6,"\ 68to10years/.44& =3 c#]  @3@=3 =3(c#^  @3 @ = 6,c#_ 611to15years/.' =3 $D `   @8 @=8 =3($D a   @8  @ = 6,$D b 616to20years/.' >4 $ c  .@15.@>15 >4)$ d  .@15 .@ > 6,$ e 6Morethan20years/.+ >4 %!f  Q@71Q@>71 >4)%!g  Q@71 Q@ > 6,%!h 6ЀRefused/Notsure/.+  3&`"i Є  3&`"j $3&`"k  $3.0  Haveyoueverservedinthenarcoticsdivisionofapoliceforce?'#l(#(# * dd dd |dd"|$dd"$(#(#, dd ,dd",dd"+  ," )0%n ,Haveservedinnarcoticsdivision2.9 >4 )0%o  I@50I@>50 G=2)0%p"  I@50 I@ G ?5)0%q" ?HaveNOTservedinnarcoticsdivision2.= >4 )%r  I@50I@>50 G=2)%s"  I@50 I@ G ?5)%t" ?ЀNotsure2. "  k*&u Є 'k*&v" '-#!k*&w"  -#9$ @q#ffz"  +(x HX  5!$98XXdXXd8PoliceFoundation>$DrugStrategies+ #9$! 5k+#Ԉ H (X@$$(ffAR')dEA  D $9 D   DOfficers #9$  D,# D $9:#9$  DH-#* D $9 ` #9$  D-#   WilliamH.Webster  b FormerDirector,CentralIntelligenceAgency r* FormerDirector,FederalBureauofInvestigation :  Chairman    HubertWilliams  J   President Z     D $9Directors:#9$  D(/# V Dr.FredaAdler  2 RutgersUniversitySchoolofCriminalJustice   Dr.LeeP.Brown  B FormerDirector R  OfficeofNationalDrugControlPolicy    RichardA.Grasso  b ChairmanandChiefExecutiveOfficer r* NewYorkStockExchange 0  :88  Dr.W.WalterMenninger     PresidentandChiefExecutiveOfficer J Menninger  Z WilliamG.Milliken FormerGovernorofMichigan j"  VictorH.Palmieri  B!$ ThePalmieriCompany  "%  StanleyK.Sheinbaum  #R ' FormerPresident b$!( LosAngelesBoardofPoliceCommissioners *%!)  AlfredA.Slocum  &r#+ RutgersUniversityLawSchool ':$,  SallySuchil  )%. SeniorVicePresident,GeneralCounsel,Secretary )&/ SpellingEntertainmentGroup,Inc. *Z'0  KathrynJ.Whitmire  2,(2 HarvardUniversity  D $9 ,)3 # D   D,##9$  D4# D $9 /,6 Ї  Officers #9$  D 5# D $9:#9$  D{5# * 7   NeilGoldschmidt    H!  #  9   FormerGovernorofOregon #  v:    @ Chair     H!  #   >;    @     Dr.MargaretHamburg    H!  #   =   CommissionerofHealth,NewYorkCity #   >   ViceChair    ^ ?   MatheaFalco   President  B   D $9    Directors:  #9$  D`8# D $9   H!  #  jL   #9$  D8#  Dr.MichaelCrichton    FN   Author  VO   MarianWrightEdelman 0 H! 0#H!$H!$  @#  @# Q#$#$   President,Children'sDefenseFund #  fR    @   Dr.PedroJosGreer   >T   UniversityofMiamiSchoolofMedicine  U   Dr.DeanJamison  NW   CenterforPacificRimStudies,UCLA0 # 0@#$$ ^X#$#$   RobertMcNamara  Z   FormerPresident,WorldBank   Dr.RobertB.Millman   F]   NewYorkHospitalCornellMedicalCenter  ^    NorvalMorris   UniversityofChicagoLawSchool  f"a   HowardPrunty   # c    FormerPresident  $z!d    NationalAssociationofBlackSocialWorkers  %B"e   HerbertSturz   VeraInstituteofJustice  '$h      NancyDickersonWhitehead H!  #  r)*&j   President,TelevisionCorporationofAmerica :*&k    @      HubertWilliams   H!  #  +(m   President,PoliceFoundation ,J)n    @      H! *at4/96